Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course All Weeks Practice Quiz Answer

Let’s go over Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 1 Practice Quiz Answer.

Week 1 Practice Quiz Answer

Practice Quiz for Introduction

Question 1)

Which of the following are types of information we can get from a nano-measurement tool?

Hardness
Elemental/Chemical Composition
Size
Geometry

Question 2)

An optical microscope uses light to produce an image, whereas an electron microscope uses _____________.

Enter answer here

Question 3)

If you needed to measure the length of DNA, what type of measurement tool can you use?

Optical Microscope
Ruler
Tape measure
Electron Microscope

Question 4)

Which of the following are typically conductive? Select all that apply

Biologicals
Gold
Dielectrics/Ceramics
Polymers
Silver
Metal

Question 5)

Lasers are only used in high-tech nanotechnology facilities – but not my home.

True
False

Question 6)

The photolithography technique mentioned in the Introduction to Nanofabrication Tools can produce features as small as:

one nanometer
one angstrom
a couple of microns wide
meters

Question 7)

Particles in the open air can cause defects in thin film deposition

True
False

Practice Quiz for Essential Technologies for Nano

Question 1)

In the cleanroom demonstration video, the cameraman did not need to gown up in order to enter the cleanroom.

True
False

Question 2)

When preparing to enter the cleanroom, shoe covers are put on before the hood.

True
False

Question 3)

Which of the following has more air molecules inside (per unit volume)?

Cleanroom
Vacuum

Question 4)

_______________ is a measurement of gas molecules in a vacuum chamber

Temperature
Atomic Mass
Pressure
Length

Question 5)

Which of the following are found in the electromagnetic spectrum?
(Select all that apply)

X-Ray
Sound
Seismic wave
Beta Ray
Infrared

Question 6)

What is the best resolution of a microscope with a numerical aperture of 0.12 using energy with a wavelength of 400 nm?

200.0 nm
2.0 microns
3.3 nm
3.3 microns

Question 7)

As the velocity of an electron changes from 2.3*10^8 m/s to 1.6*10^8 m/s the wavelength of the electron will ________.

stay the same
decrease
increase

Question 8)

What can occur when an electron beam interacts with a sample? (Select all that apply)

Electrons in the beam will change color as they hit the
sample.

Electrons in the beam will gain mass as they hit the sample.

Electrons in the beam will scatter in the sample and exit the
sample

Electrons in the beam will knock electrons out of the sample

X-rays will be produced

Question 9)

What is the best resolution of a microscope with a numerical aperture of 0.5 using energy with a wavelength of 1.2 pm?

1.44 nm
1.44 pm
2.4 nm
2.4 pm

Question 10)

As the wavelength of an electron decreases, the electron travels _________.

faster
slower
the same speed

Question 11)

What can occur when an electron beam interacts with a sample? (Select all that apply)

The beam will create a vacuum.
The beam will pass through the sample
Electrons in the beam will become trapped in the sample
The beam will create a hologram image of the sample.
Electrons in the beam will multiply as they hit the sample

Question 12)

When preparing to enter the cleanroom, we put on gloves first or last?

First
Last

Question 13)

Which of the following are found in the electromagnetic spectrum?
(Select all that apply)

Gamma rays
Time wave
Visible Light
Alpha ray
Echo wave

Question 14)

As the velocity of an electron decreases the wavelength of the electron will ________.

stay the same
decrease
increase

Week 2 Quiz Answer

Let’s go over Coursera Course on Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 2 Quiz | Nano Measurement and Characterization Tools: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Answers.

Question 1)

What is an advantage of using an environmental scanning electron
microscope?

Wet samples can be imaged in their natural state without being
dried.
Samples can be coated with less expensive metals to prevent
charging.
Images can be collected much more rapidly.
The resolution is typically higher than traditional SEM.

Question 2

Which of the following statements are true? (Select all that apply)

Both secondary electron and backscattered SEM images provide useful
information.
The contrast that we see in a backscatter image is due to differences
in electron velocity as it interacts with the sample.
Secondary electron images look very 3 dimensional.
Secondary electron images provide information microns within a
sample.

Question 3

Which of the following uses electrons to generate images?

Light microscope
Electron microscope

Question 4)

In SEM, which of the following materials is often used to coat
nonconductive samples?

Acetone
Glass
Carbon
Polymer

Question 5)

In SEM, after loading the sample and pumping the chamber to a low pressure, what is the first thing that should be done before collecting an image?

Coat the sample with a conductive layer.
Move the sample out of the chamber.
Focus the electron beam on the sample.
Tighten the set screws on the sample stage.

Question 6)

Which of the following information can be obtained through Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy? (Select all that apply)

Chemical Composition
Elemental Composition
Mass
Weight
Feature Size

Question 7)

What is the critical electron-beam interaction that emits a characteristic x-ray from a sample in Energy Dispersive X-Ray
Spectroscopy (EDS)?

Electrons bombarding the sample
Electron dropping to a lower energy state
Electrons ejected from the sample
Atoms thermally vibrating in the sample

Question 8)

If an insulating sample is coated with a very small layer of gold to produce better images, gold will not be detected in the Energy
Dispersive X-Ray Microscopy (EDS) experiment.

True
False

Question 2)

If you are interested in collecting SEM images that highlight surface features of your sample, which detector would be more appropriate?

Backscatter
Secondary electron

Question 3)

Which of the following can achieve higher resolution?

Light microscope
Electron microscope

Question 4)

Why should nonconductive samples be coated with a conductive layer in traditional SEM?

To prevent sample damage
To obtain 3D images
To prevent charging
To decrease electron velocity

Question 5)

When using an SEM, stigmation is adjusted on the microscope to ensure that imaging is done with a _______ beam of electrons.

rectangular
triangular
concave
round

Question 4)

In SEM, what is the sample mounted on to prepare for imaging?

A gold plate
A glass slide
A piece of paper
A sample stub

Question 7)

What makes each element have a unique fingerprint in Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS)?

- Atomic number of elements in the sample
- Electron energy states in the element
- Amount of atoms in the sample
- Mass of the atoms in the sample

Week 3 Quiz Answer

We will discuss Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 3 Quiz | Nano Measurement and Characterization Tools: Transmission Electron Microscopy Answers.

Question 1)

What is the major difference between SEM and TEM?

TEM uses smaller electrons than SEMs
Insulating samples can only be imaged in SEMs
Only TEM produces images of the sample
The electrons must pass through the sample in TEM

Question 2)

What are challenges of TEM? (Select all that apply)

Environment around the microscope must be precisely
controlled
Aberrations related to lenses limit spatial resolution
Requires ultrathin samples
Sample image is a projection from 3D to 2D

Question 3)

In TEM, small changes in the environment, like vibrations from someone
talking or a slight increase in temperature do not affect imaging.

True
False

Question 4)

Using TEM, a researcher is able to image individual atoms.

True
False

Question 5)

Why does a TEM grid have pores? (Select the best answer)

To support atomic diffusion
To enable electron transmission
To enhance conductivity
To prevent charging

Question 6)

Plunge freezing is a sample preparation method used for Cryo-TEM in
which the sample is slowly cooled down.

True. The sample should be frozen gradually.
False. The sample should be cooled very rapidly.

Question 7)

Which is not a type of ice that can form at atmospheric pressure?

cubic
vitreous
hexagonal
octagonal

Question 8)

When performing biological sample prep for the TEM, which is not
required safety equipment?

lab coat
safety glasses
ear plugs
gloves

Question 9)

The inside of the TEM is always under vacuum?

True
False

Question 10)

What does a plasma cleaner do to a TEM sample?

Removes debris and other particulates
Coats the sample with a thin, clean layer of material
Washes the sample with detergent
Coats the sample with a conductive layer

Question 11)

When preparing samples for TEM imaging, an Ultra Microtome is used to
do what?

Slice the sample into thin sections
Chemically fix the sample
Dehydrate the sample
Freeze the sample

Question 12)

Using TEM, a researcher is unable to resolve individual atoms.

True
False

Question 13)

Which of the following help maintain a controlled environment for TEM
imaging?

Thick concrete walls
Radiative cooling panels
Floating tables
All of the above

Question 14)

In TEM, small changes in the environment, like vibrations from someone talking or a slight increase in temperature can affect imaging dramatically.

True
False

Question 15)

An acceptable TEM thin section sample thickness would be?

70 to 90 nanometers
70 to 90 micrometers
7 to 9 micrometers

Question 16)

In general, samples should be less than ____ in order to be electron transparent?

- 1500 nm
- 150 nm
- 150 um
- 150 mm

Week 4 Quiz Answer

Here you will find Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 4 Quiz Answer | Nano Measurement and Characterization Tools: X-ray and Optical Characterization Answers.

Question 1)

What happens when x-rays hit a very dense part of the sample?

They are stopped or absorbed by it
They are reflected backward
They pass through it

Question 2)

Any specimen smaller than an adult human can fit and be scanned with a MicroCT?

True
False

Question 3)

Which of the following can be done with the final z-stack of images produced by the MicroCT?

It can be used to create 3D models that can be 3D printed.
It can be measured directly using free software like ImageJ
It can be animated to show off the internal or external structure of
the specimen
All of the above

Question 4)

Using XPS you can obtain information about the chemistry of your sample’s ______.

a. bulk
b. surface
c. both a and b
d. none of the above

Question 5)

Electrons in a neutral/uncharged atom typically have _____ binding energies than electrons in an atom with a 4+ oxidation state.

higher
lower

Question 6)

Why are gloves worn during XPS sample preparation? (Select the best answer)

To protect the user from the instrument’s X-rays
To protect the user from the sample holder’s charge
To protect the sample from user contamination
To keep the user’s hands dry

Question 7)

On the x-axis of an XPS plot is binding energy. What does this axis represent?

The amount of energy needed to bind two atoms together
The amount of energy necessary to break bonds in a molecule
The X-ray energy produced by the X-ray gun
The amount of energy required to remove electrons from an atom

Question 8)

What can XPS tell us about a sample? (Select all that apply)

The elements present in the bulk
The oxidation state of elements on the surface
The surface topography
The percentage of specific elements on the surface

Question 9)

The way light scatters or reflects depends on the size of an object.

True
False

Question 10)

Why might taking a scattering spectrum of nanoparticles take longer than taking a spectra of a bulk material?

Bulk materials scatter light more quickly
Bulk materials scatter light at higher energy
Nanoparticles are small and scatter less light
Nanoparticles scatter more light that is unfocused and cannot be
collected

Question 11)

Why might the spectrum of particles, like nanorods, that are long and thin have two peaks compared to that of round particles, which have one peak? (Select the best answer)

There are twice as many long and thin particles as round
particles
The long and thin particles are broken in half during the spectra
collection generating two peaks
Round particles are bigger and thus have one large peak
The long and thin particles have two different dimensions that
scatter light at different wavelengths

Question 2)

In order to stabilize a sample for scanning it may be necessary to wrap it up before placing it on the stage. What would be the best
material to package a sample in before running the MicroCT?

Light plastic bottle filled with cotton
Fill in container with cement to hold specimen firmly
Stabilize with metal wire
Dense plastic tube filled with tinfoil

Question 6)

Why are tweezers used during XPS sample preparation? (Select the best answer)

To protect the user as the sample is heated
To prevent sample contamination
To enable better sample conductivity
To help thin the sample prior to analysis

Question 7)

On the y-axis of an XPS plot is “Intensity”. What does this axis
represent?

The sample depth
The intensity of light produced by the XPS machine
The number of electrons leaving the sample
The number of molecules present on the sample surface

Question 2

When prepping a sample for the MicroCT you often have to damage it in some way to get the best possible image.

True
False

Question 4)

What type of information does XPS give about the surface of a sample?

Roughness
Topography
Elastic modulus
Color
Chemistry

Question 5)

Electrons farther away from an atom’s nucleus typically have ______ binding energies than electrons closer to the nucleus.

higher
lower

Question 8)

What can XPS tell us about a sample? (Select all that apply)

The crystal structure of the sample
What other elements surface atoms are bound to
The oxidation state of elements in the bulk
The percentage of specific elements in the bulk

Question 9)

Which of the following can happen to light when it hits matter? (Select all that apply)

It will create a vacuum
It will be reflected
It will be scattered
It will gain energy

Question 11)

As the nanoparticle size changes, the peaks in the scattering spectra remain at the same wavelength.

True
False

Question 12)

As the nanoparticle size changes, the peaks in the scattering spectra shift to different wavelengths.

True
False

Week 5 Quiz Answer

Let’s share with you Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 5 Quiz Answer | Nanofabrication: Vacuum Pumps and Thin Film Vacuum Deposition Answers.

Question 1)

The turbo-molecular pump, or simply turbopump, is an example of what
type of pump:

a high vacuum pump
a rough pump
a low vacuum pump

Question 2)

Why do the cooling fins in a cryopump have a large surface area?

Large surface area reduces the noise of the pump.
Large surface area reduces vibrations.
Larger surface area provides more room for trapping air molecules,
which improves pumping.

Question 3)

A cryopump will eventually become saturated with air molecules and
pumping efficiency will degrade.

True. A saturated cryopump must undergo a process called
regeneration to remove trapped air molecules and regain its original
pumping efficiency.
False. A cryopump can pump indefinitely and will never become
saturated with air molecules.

Question 4)

Why is a vacuum chamber typically kept under vacuum when not in use?

It is quieter
It keeps the chamber cleaner than leaving it filled with air
It saves electricity

Question 5)

Why do we often use a tungsten boat to hold gold during thermal
evaporation?

Tungsten has a higher melting temperature than gold
Tungsten has a lower melting temperature than gold
Tungsten is denser than gold
Tungsten is more electrically conductive than gold

Question 6)

It is necessary to rough pump a vacuum chamber before pumping with a
high vacuum pump.

True
False

Question 7)

A cryo-pump is a:

rough vacuum pump
high vacuum pump
water pump

Question 8)

In sputter deposition, the function of the plasma is to:

generate energetic atoms that remove target material
produce light to improve visibility in the vacuum chamber
heat the target
cool the target

Question 9)

During sputter deposition, increasing or decreasing sputter power too
quickly can cause the target material to crack.

True
False

Question 10)

In order to open a vacuum chamber that is at low pressure, you must
first do what?

Vent the chamber
Pump down the chamber
Fill the chamber with water

Question 11)

E-Beam evaporation heats the source material using:

Fire
a laser
a high voltage electron beam

Question 12)

It is impossible to know how much gold is deposited during thermal evaporation.

True. You must wait until deposition is complete to know the film thickness.
False. The thickness monitor indicates deposited thickness in real time.

Question 13)

A cryo-pump is used in combination with a rough pump to achieve high vacuum.

- True
- False

Week 6 Quiz Answer

In this article you will find Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 6 Quiz Answer | Nanofabrication: Vapor Deposition Answers.

Question 1)

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) are both thin film deposition techniques

True
False

Question 2)

Which of the following are properties that can be added to a substrate with a thin film?

Electrical Properties
Barrier Properties
Physical Properties
All of the above

Question 3)

Which of the following statements are true about the differences between Atomic Layer Deposition & Chemical Vapor Deposition.? (Check all that apply)

ALD takes less time than CVD.
CVD processes can grow thicker films at faster rates.
ALD does not involve chemical interactions.
ALD can be done at lower temperatures than CVD.
ALD films are more conformal.
CVD does not require a substrate.

Question 4)

What types of substrates can be treated with Atomic Layer
Deposition?

Glass Slides
Silicon Wafers
Biological Samples
Polymers
All of the above

Question 5)

What types of substrates can be treated with Chemical Layer
Deposition?

Glass Slides
Silicon Wafers
Biological Samples
Polymers
All of the above

Question 6)

Which of the following are properties that can be added to a substrate
with a thin film?

Electrical Properties
Barrier Properties
Physical Properties
All of the above

Question 7)

In Chemical Vapor Deposition, like any vacuum deposition process, why are the chambers kept under vacuum even when not in use? (Please select the best answer)

To keep contaminants from accumulating inside the chamber
To prevent unauthorized use of equipment
To save energy
To comply with federal law

Question 8)

Solid, liquid and gas are three states of matter. PECVD utilizes a fourth state of matter called:

steam
plasma
vapor

Question 9)

The plasma in the PECVD chamber is formed using:

RF (radio frequency) electrical power
a heated wire filament
a laser

Question 10)

In a PECVD system, the necessary activation energy that drives the chemical processes comes from the plasma. In non-plasma CVD
processes, the activation energy is provided by:

high pressure
high temperature / heat
ultrasonic agitation

Week 7 Quiz Answer

In this article we will practice Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 7 Quiz Answer | Nanofabrication: Patterning and Self-Assembly Answers.

Nanofabrication: Patterning and Self-Assembly

Question 1)

When performing photolithography, the photoresist is intended to be a permanent or a temporary layer?

Temporary
Permanent

Question 2)

Why is there special colored lighting in the photolithography room?

It improves your vision
To save electricity
To protect the light-sensitive photoresist

Question 3)

During photolithography, the process of illuminating the wafer with UV light is termed:

spin coating
exposure
development
baking

Question 4)

In photolithography, the development step comes before or after exposure?

Before
After

Question 5)

When discussing EBL, the term “EBL resist” is best described as:

an electron sensitive polymer
a pressure sensitive polymer
a light sensitive polymer

Question 6)

When performing photolithography, we use chemical resists that are sensitive to light. When performing electron beam lithography, we
use chemical resists that are sensitive to what?

Electrons
Pressure
Temperature

Question 7)

Why must the EBL chamber be under vacuum?

To reduce the noise generated by the EBL instrument
Because air would interfere with the electron beam
Because air would degrade the polymer film on the wafer

Question 8)

Electron beam lithography can pattern features so small that they cannot be adequately imaged using an optical microscope.

True
False

Question 9)

Ion beams can be used for all of the following, except:

Imaging
Ion Implantation (Doping)
Patterning – Sputtering, Etching, & Milling
Welding

Question 10)

To generate a beam of positively charged Gallium ions, a ______ charged electrical field is needed to accelerate positively-charged Gallium ions. (Select one)

negatively
neutrally
positively

Question 11)

In hot embossing, why is it important to wear gloves when handling the master mold? (Select one)

Fingerprints and particles from hands can transfer from the mold to
the substrate
The mold is made of hazardous material
The mold is too hot to touch when loading into the embosser

Question 12)

In hot embossing, a master mold is used to imprint a pattern onto a softer substrate material. The master mold is typically much more
expensive than the materials it is used to emboss on.

True
False

Question 13)

There are four main steps in typical hot embossing processes. Select choice where the steps are listed in correct order.

Embossing, Heating, Demolding, Cooling
Demolding, Heating, Embossing, Cooling
Cooling, Heating, Demolding, Embossing
Heating, Embossing, Cooling, Demolding

Question 14)

In hot embossing, why is it important to wear gloves when handling the master mold? (Select one)

Fingerprints and particles from hands can transfer from the mold to
the substrate
The mold is made of hazardous material
The mold is too hot to touch when loading into the embosser

Question 15)

Self-assembly can only be achieved through intra-molecular forces, such as ionic and covalent bonds.

True
False

Question 16)

Much like photolithography, electron beam lithography requires a mask that contains the pattern we want to transfer to our substrate.

True
False

Week 8 Quiz Answer

In this article you will find Coursera Course Nanotechnology: A Maker’s Course Week 8 Quiz Answer | Nanofabrication: Etching Answers.

Nanofabrication: Etching

Question 1)

In general, etching ________ material ____ a substrate. (Select the best answer)

removes, from
patterns, on
combines with, on
adds, to

Question 2)

What is the etch rate?

The rate of reaction between two materials on the substrate
The rate at which material is removed
The time it takes to complete the etching process
The rate at which material is deposited onto the mask

Question 3)

When etch selectivity is high it means:

the etch rates of the mask and underlying substrate are high compared
to the etch rate(s) of undesired material(s)
the etch rates of all materials in the system are high
the etch rates of the mask and underlying substrate are low compared
to the etch rate(s) of undesired material(s)
the etch rates of all materials in the system are equal

Question 4)

In which of the following scenarios would the etch selectivity be low?
(Select all that apply)

The etch rates of the mask and underlying substrate are high
compared to the etch rate(s) of undesired material(s)
The etch rates of all materials in the system are high
The etch rates of the mask and underlying substrate are low compared
to the etch rate(s) of undesired material(s)
The etch rates of all materials in the system are low
The etch rates of all materials in the system are equal

Question 5)

During wet etching, etching is due to

Ion beam patterning
a chemical reaction between the reactant/etchant and materials in
the system
physical removal of material
a chemical reaction between the mask material and the
substrate

Question 6)

Which of the following describes the majority of wet etching
processes?

Anisotropic and non-selective
Isotropic and non-selective
Anisotropic and selective
Isotropic and selective

Question 7)

Which of the following are advantages of the wet etching process?
(Select all that apply)

It is easy to finely control the etch process
The reactions are typically anisotropic
The chemical consumption is low
The process is simple
It is easy to batch process multiple substrates/wafers
The reactions are selective

Question 8)

Which of the following are disadvantages of the wet etching process?
(Select all that apply)

It is difficult to finely control the etch process
The reactions are not selective
It is difficult to batch process multiple substrates/wafers
The process is complex

Question 9)

Which of the following personal protective equipment should be worn
during a standard wet etching process? (Select all that apply)

Self-contained breathing apparatus
Ear plugs
Chemically resistant gloves
Steel-toed boots
Face shield
Helmet
Chemical apron

Question 10)

To perform the wet etch, wafers are ____________. (Select the best
answer)

placed in a spin-rinse dryer and rinsed with etchant
placed in a vacuum chamber with reactive gases
sprayed with chemical etchant in a fume hood
submerged in a bath of chemical etchant

Question 11)

After etching, why is it important to do characterization of the
wafer?

To build new structures on the substrate
To confirm and evaluate the etching process
To continue etching in places that were not etched
To clean the wafer

Question 12)

What can cause the etching event in dry etching?

Chemical process
Physical process
All of the above

Question 13)

To obtain anisotropic and highly selective conditions in dry etching,
________ (Select the best answer)

the plasma etching is followed by thin film deposition.
the wafers are submerged in liquid nitrogen.
the plasma etching is followed by wet etching.
chemical and physical processes can be combined.

Question 14)

Which of the following are advantages of the dry etching process?
(Select all that apply)

Simple equipment
Easy to etch multiple wafers
Inexpensive
Chemical consumption is low
Process can be finely controlled
Selective and anisotropic etches possible
Ability to make intricate features

Question 15)

Which of the following are disadvantages of the dry etching process?
(Select all that apply)

Batch processing difficult
Requires complex equipment
Expensive
Small geometries are difficult
Process is difficult to control
Chemical consumption is high
Isotropic reactions

Question 16)

Which of the following parameters can be controlled by the user through
the etching software in the “recipe”? (Select all that apply)

Wafer material
Chamber pressure
Thin film deposition
Gas flow rate

Question 16)

Which of the following parameters can be controlled by the user
through the etching software in the “recipe”? (Select all that
apply)

Etching pattern
Mask material
Reaction temperature
Power
Chamber volume

Week 1 Practice Quiz Answer

Practice Quiz for Introduction

Practice Quiz for Essential Technologies for Nano

Week 2 Quiz Answer

Week 3 Quiz Answer

Week 4 Quiz Answer

Week 5 Quiz Answer

Week 6 Quiz Answer

Week 7 Quiz Answer

Week 8 Quiz Answer

Nanofabrication: Etching

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